Here’s how the relationship between Gautam Adani و Prime Minister Narendra Modi is widely understood:

Key Aspects of Their Relationship

1. Historical & Regional Connection

• Both Adani and Modi hail from the Indian state of Gujarat. Their association dates back more than two decades, from Modi’s tenure as Gujarat’s chief minister. Adani emerged early on as a key supporter of Modi’s political and economic vision for the state.(Foreign Policy, The Guardian)

2. Close Personal and Professional Ties

• Adani has frequently accompanied Modi on international trips, sometimes flying on Adani’s private aircraft. When Modi moved to Delhi as Prime Minister in 2014, he even used the plane.(CNBC, Foreign Policy)
• Their association goes beyond professional corridors—Modi reportedly attended Adani’s son’s wedding and has appeared alongside him repeatedly in global forums.(Crikey, Foreign Policy)

3. Business Growth & Allegations of Cronyism

• During Modi’s national leadership, the Adani Group significantly expanded, gaining numerous major infrastructure and energy contracts—leading analysts to say their fortunes “have been connected,” with Adani often cast as a “poster child” of Modi’s development model.(CNBC, The Guardian, Wikipedia, Foreign Policy)
• Critics and political opponents—including Rahul Gandhi—have accused the duo of enabling “crony capitalism,” pointing to government concessions, policy adjustments, and preferential contracts.(Wikipedia, The Hindu, AP News, The Guardian)

4. Denials and Defense

• Both Adani and the government have denied allegations of favoritism. Adani regards the relationship as professional and credits broader economic reforms (including those from prior governments) for his business’s expansion.(The Times of India, Wikipedia, CNBC)
• Modi has remained discreet on individual business ties, stating, “two prominent leaders of two countries never discuss individual issues,” in response to questions about Adani.(mint)

ملخص

Gautam Adani and Narendra Modi share a longstanding, deeply intertwined connection—anchored in their Gujarat roots and reinforced through frequent high-profile joint appearances and infrastructure projects. Adani’s rapid rise under Modi’s national leadership fueled both praise for execution capability and sharp critique of cronyism. Both parties have consistently rejected the characterization of undue favoritism.

Let me know if you’d like a breakdown of specific deals or a timeline of key milestones in their partnership!

Here’s a clearer picture of what Trump’s new global tax and tariff strategy means—and whether India, often branded “tariff king,” might actually stand to gain.

🧾 Trump’s Global Tax Moves & Tariff Strategy

1. Withdrawal from OECD global minimum tax (Pillar Two)
   Trump has effectively removed the U.S. from implementing the OECD/G20 global minimum corporate tax framework. India had not yet adopted those rules, so the withdrawal has limited direct impact on India’s tax revenues or policies (Business Standard, Wikipedia).
2. Use of reciprocal tariffs under Section 891
   Trump may invoke Section 891 of the U.S. tax code to impose “reciprocal taxes” on countries with discriminatory or extraterritorial taxes affecting U.S. firms. India’s Equalisation Levy (digital services tax) could make it a target (Reddit).
3. Expansion of punitive tariffs
   The U.S. has slapped 25% tariffs on Indian imports, citing issues from purchases of Russian oil to trade practices. These measure look less economic and more political—targeting allies like India for domestic signaling (Financial Times).

🇮🇳 Does this open an opportunity for India?

✅ Strategic advantages — not paradoxical gains

⚠️ Risks remain significant

• Analysts estimate up to 87% of India’s exports to the U.S. could be impacted by tariffs, affecting major sectors like gems, textiles, electronics, pharma (Wikipedia).
• While India’s average applied tariffs (12%–16%) are high compared to the U.S. (~2–3%), U.S. bound tariffs on select goods can exceed 350%, complicating any moral high ground on trade openness (indiatoday.in).
• India still faces pressure to liberalise agriculture—which is politically sensitive and domestically contentious (The Washington Post, moneycontrol.com).

🔍 Bottom Line

India could turn Trump’s trade turbulence into opportunity, but only if it pursues bold reforms—reducing import barriers, boosting domestic competitiveness, expanding export markets beyond the U.S., and accelerating manufacturing reforms.

Trump’s exit from the global tax deal doesn’t directly benefit India, but his tariff threats—if they force India to shift policies—might. Whether that amounts to India benefiting as “tariff king” remains debatable: the real upside lies in India transforming those pressures into global supply-chain and policy momentum.

Let me know if you’d like deep dives into specific sectors (textiles, pharma, digital services) or potential trade frameworks India could tap into.

The investigation into the Air India plane crash will be conducted primarily by the Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) of India, which is the designated authority for such investigations in the country. The AAIB operates under the Aircraft (Investigation of Accidents and Incidents) Rules, 2017, and is an independent body under the Ministry of Civil Aviation.

Here’s a breakdown of how the investigation is typically conducted:

1. Objective: The sole objective of the investigation is prevention of future accidents and incidents, not to apportion blame or liability. Any investigation by the AAIB is separate from judicial or administrative proceedings.
2. Multidisciplinary Team: The AAIB forms a multidisciplinary team for the investigation. This team often includes:
   • An Investigator-in-Charge.
   • Aviation medicine specialists.
   • Air Traffic Control (ATC) officers.
   • Representatives from the State of Design (e.g., the US National Transportation Safety Board – NTSB, since the aircraft was a Boeing Dreamliner) and the State of Manufacture (USA), as well as the State of Registry and State of the Operator.
3. Site Investigation and Evidence Collection:
   • Investigators immediately go to the crash site to collect and preserve perishable evidence, wreckage samples, and the crucial black boxes (Flight Data Recorder – FDR and Cockpit Voice Recorder – CVR).
   • In the case of the recent Air India crash, India successfully decoded the black boxes domestically for the first time.
   • They collect data from various sources, including the airline operator, regulatory bodies, and involved personnel.
   • Investigators also look at CCTV footage from the surrounding area and interview witnesses.
4. Black Box Analysis:
   • The FDR records hundreds of parameters about the aircraft’s performance (altitude, airspeed, engine parameters, control surface positions, etc.).
   • The CVR records cockpit conversations and other sounds within the cockpit.
   • The data from these black boxes is meticulously analyzed to reconstruct the sequence of events leading to the accident.
5. Expert Analysis: The AAIB may engage domain experts and collaborate with other agencies, such as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and DGCA laboratories, for specialized analysis. This can include:
   • Analysis of aircraft remnants.
   • Post-mortem reports.
   • Component inspections.
   • Review of maintenance records.
   • Assessment of pilot training and health, including psychological aspects.
6. Preliminary Report: For major accidents, countries are encouraged by ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) to publish a preliminary report within 30 days. This report provides initial findings but does not typically reach definitive conclusions about the cause. The AAIB for this Air India crash released its preliminary report on July 12, indicating that the fuel cutoff switches had been activated shortly after takeoff.
7. Final Report: The investigation is a complex process and takes time. The final report aims to establish the root cause(s) of the accident and suggest corrective measures to prevent similar occurrences. ICAO guidance suggests a goal of releasing the final report within 12 months.
8. Safety Recommendations: Based on their findings, the AAIB issues safety recommendations to relevant bodies, such as the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) in India or international aviation regulatory bodies, for implementation and monitoring.

It’s important to note that throughout the process, the AAIB aims for transparency and impartiality, although there can be external pressures and differing interpretations of preliminary findings, as seen with some media reports and statements from pilot associations regarding the recent Air India crash.