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العربية 
English
A constitution is a fundamental document that establishes the framework for a government and defines the rights and duties of its citizens. Here's a breakdown of what it generally does: * **Establishes the structure of government: It outlines the different branches of government (e.g., legislative,اقرأ المزيد
A constitution is a fundamental document that establishes the framework for a government and defines the rights and duties of its citizens. Here’s a breakdown of what it generally does:
قراءة أقل* **Establishes the structure of government: It outlines the different branches of government (e.g., legislative, executive, judicial) and their respective powers and responsibilities. It also defines how power is distributed among these branches and between national and state/local levels of government.
* Defines the powers and limits of government: A constitution sets out what the government can and cannot do, preventing it from becoming too powerful or infringing on the rights of its citizens. It often includes mechanisms for accountability to the people.
* Guarantees rights and freedoms: Most constitutions include a declaration of fundamental rights that individuals are entitled to, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the right to a fair trial. These rights act as a check on government power.
* Provides for the rule of law: It establishes that everyone, including those in power, is subject to the law. This ensures procedural predictability and limits arbitrary power.
* Outlines the amendment process: Constitutions generally include a process for how they can be changed or amended. This makes them more difficult to alter than ordinary laws, reflecting their fundamental nature.
* Declares fundamental principles: Constitutions often begin with a preamble or statement of purpose that sets out the core values and aspirations of the state or society it governs.
In essence, a constitution acts as a social contract between those in power and the governed, providing a stable and predictable framework for how a country is run and safeguarding the rights of its people.