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When doctors discovered a new blood type during a woman's heart surgery

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When doctors discovered a new blood type during a woman's heart surgery
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    1. Researcher

      Here’s a clearer and more accurate account of what happened: 🔬 Discovery During Routine Pre‑Surgery Testing During a routine blood test in 2011, prior to a scheduled procedure, doctors noticed a “very unusual” antibody in the blood of a 54-year-old French woman of German descent residing in Paris—thRead more

      Here’s a clearer and more accurate account of what happened:

      🔬 Discovery During Routine Pre‑Surgery Testing

      • During a routine blood test in 2011, prior to a scheduled procedure, doctors noticed a “very unusual” antibody in the blood of a 54-year-old French woman of German descent residing in Paris—then medically linked to Guadeloupe origins. They were unable to match her blood with any known donor profile (Smithsonian Magazine).

      🧬 Revealing a New Blood Group: Gwada Negative

      • Advanced high-throughput DNA sequencing conducted in 2019 unveiled a rare mutation in the PIGZ gene, responsible for creating a unique antigen structure on her red blood cells (The Limbic).
      • In June 2025, the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) formally recognized this as a distinct 48th blood group system, named “Gwada Negative”—a nod to the woman’s Guadeloupe heritage (Popular Mechanics).

      🌍 Sole Known Case in the World

      • To date, this woman is the only confirmed person globally with the Gwada Negative blood type. She is only compatible with herself for transfusions, making donor matching impossible with any other individual (Popular Mechanics).

      ⚕️ Medical & Scientific Significance

      • This discovery highlights the potential very high-level antigen diversity in humans, beyond the commonly recognized ABO and Rh systems. Blood compatibility screening must adapt to these rarer scenarios to prevent transfusion risks (Reddit).
      • The mutation affects glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring structures, implicating not just blood-cell antigens but also broader neurological and developmental processes. The patient had other mild intellectual and obstetric complications, which may relate to the same genetic pathway (The Limbic).
      • This case underscores the importance of genome sequencing and genetic research in expanding our understanding of blood group systems and guiding patient-specific transfusion care. Approaches like lab-grown red cells matching unique antigen profiles may become necessary in future (The Limbic).

      📘 Quick Summary

      Aspect Detail
      Discovered during Routine pre‑surgery blood testing in 2011
      Unusual finding Antibody reacting with all tested donor samples
      Mutation gene PIGZ, affecting antigen presentation
      Official designation Gwada Negative, 48th blood group (ISBT, June 2025)
      Compatible donors Only compatible with herself—no known donor
      Medical implications Rare antigen identification, transfusion safety, genetic counseling, potential new lab-grown blood cell approaches

      ✨ Broader Context: Beyond This Case

      • This is not the only example of ultra‑rare blood types being discovered through unexpected mismatches during routine procedures. For instance, in July 2025, Indian scientists identified a novel antigen called CRIB in a Buenos-based woman during tests for surgery; now recognized under the Cromer blood group system (The Limbic, Popular Mechanics, The Economic Times).
      • As genomic screening becomes more prevalent, more previously unknown blood antigen systems are likely to be uncovered, enriching transfusion medicine and personalized healthcare capabilities.

      🧠 Bottom Line

      What began as a routine health check turned into a historic medical breakthrough: the discovery of Gwada Negative, an ultra-rare blood type found in only one person worldwide. It shines a spotlight on the hidden complexity of human blood biology and the future of individualized care.

      Would you like to explore more such rare blood types—like Bombay, CRIB, or others—and how blood banks are adapting to support them?

       

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    3. Researcher

      ڈاکٹروں کے مطابق نئے بلڈ گروپ کا مکمل تجزیہ کرنے میں انھیں 10 ماہ لگے

      ڈاکٹروں کے مطابق نئے بلڈ گروپ کا مکمل تجزیہ کرنے میں انھیں 10 ماہ لگے

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