دنیا کی معروف ٹیکنالوجی کمپنیوں کے تیار کردہ آرٹیفیشل انٹیلی جنس ماڈلز کے درمیان ایک منفرد شطرنج ٹورنامنٹ کا انعقاد ہوا جس میں عام استعمال کے لیے بنائے گئے اے آئی سسٹمز آمنے سامنے آئے۔

برطانوی نشریاتی ادارے کے مطابق یہ ایونٹ گوگل کی ملکیت والے پلیٹ فارم ’کیگل‘ پر تین روز تک جاری رہا جس میں اینتھروپِک، گوگل، اوپن اے آئی، ایکس اے آئی اور چینی کمپنیوں ڈیپ سیک اور مون شاٹ اے آئی کے 8 ماڈلز نے حصہ لیا۔

فیصلہ کن مقابلے میں اوپن اے آئی کے او 3 ماڈل نے ایکس اے آئی کے گروک 4 کو شکست دے کر ٹائٹل اپنے نام کیا اور پورے ٹورنامنٹ میں ناقابلِ شکست رہا۔

تیسری پوزیشن گوگل کے جیمینائی ماڈل کے حصے میں آئی جس نے پلے آف میچ میں اوپن اے آئی کے دوسرے ماڈل کو ہرا دیا۔

اگرچہ ان اے آئی ماڈلز نے شطرنج میں خاصی صلاحیت دکھائی، مگر وہ اب بھی اس کھیل کے باریک پہلو سیکھ رہے ہیں۔ ٹورنامنٹ کے سیمی فائنل تک گروک 4 کو فیورٹ قرار دیا جا رہا تھا مگر فائنل میں اس کی کارکردگی اچانک گر گئی اور وہ بار بار بڑی غلطیاں کرتے ہوئے اپنی ملکہ (کوئین) بھی کھو بیٹھا۔

شطرنج کے گرینڈ ماسٹر ہیکارو ناکامورا نے اپنے تبصرے میں کہا کہ گروک نے بہت غلطیاں کیں مگر اوپن اے آئی نے ایسا نہیں کیا۔

شطرنج طویل عرصے سے کمپیوٹرز کی ذہانت ناپنے کا پیمانہ رہی ہے، مگر اس مقابلے کا مقصد عام استعمال کے اے آئی ماڈلز کی حکمتِ عملی اور مسائل حل کرنے کی صلاحیت کو جانچنا تھا

For the iconic film ‘Sholay’ (1975), it is widely reported that Dharmendra was the highest-paid actor among the cast.

Here’s a breakdown:

• Dharmendra was already a huge star at the time, and he reportedly charged more than Amitabh Bachchan.
• Amitabh Bachchan, while gaining popularity (especially after ‘Zanjeer’ in 1973), was not as big a star as Dharmendra when ‘Sholay’ was made.
• Some reports and interviews suggest that Dharmendra was paid around ₹5 lakhs, while Amitabh Bachchan got significantly less, possibly around ₹1 lakh to ₹2 lakhs.

So, in summary:

✅ Dharmendra was paid more than Amitabh Bachchan for ‘Sholay’.

Let me know if you’d like more behind-the-scenes facts about ‘Sholay’!

Cravings for sweets are completely normal, but when they become strong or frequent, they often signal something deeper — biological, emotional, or behavioral.

🍭 Why Does the Desire for Sweets Arise?

1. Blood Sugar Imbalance

• Eating high-sugar or high-carb meals leads to spikes and crashes in blood sugar.
• After the crash, your body craves sugar to raise energy levels again.

2. Lack of Nutrients

• Low levels of magnesium, chromium, or protein can increase sugar cravings.
• Diets too low in healthy fats or fiber can leave you unsatisfied, driving cravings.

3. Stress or Emotional Eating

• Sugar temporarily boosts dopamine and serotonin, the “feel-good” chemicals.
• This makes it a quick (but short-lived) emotional comfort.

4. Habit and Reward Loops

• The brain learns that sweets = reward, especially if you regularly use them to celebrate, relax, or cope.
• This becomes a conditioned habit.

5. Hormonal Shifts

• Women often crave sweets around menstruation, due to estrogen and serotonin dips.
• Lack of sleep, menopause, or high cortisol (stress hormone) also trigger sweet cravings.

6. Restriction and Dieting

• When you forbid sugar completely, the brain often fixates on it more.
• This can lead to rebound cravings or bingeing.

✅ How to Reduce Sweet Cravings (Without Feeling Deprived)

1. Balance Your Meals

• Include protein + healthy fat + fiber at each meal to stabilize blood sugar.
  • Example: Chicken + quinoa + avocado + veggies.
• Avoid high-sugar “empty” meals (like toast + jam or cereal alone).

2. Don’t Skip Meals

• Going too long without eating can trigger blood sugar drops and strong cravings.
• Eat every 4–5 hours, or have small snacks if needed.

3. Improve Sleep

• Just one night of poor sleep raises ghrelin (hunger hormone) and lowers leptin (satiety hormone).
• This makes you crave fast energy: sugar and carbs.

4. Handle Stress Better

• Use non-food ways to relax: walking, journaling, talking, stretching.
• Chronic stress raises cortisol, which increases cravings for sugary “comfort” foods.

5. Replace, Don’t Eliminate

• Choose natural sweet options like:
  • Fruit (especially with nuts or yogurt to slow sugar absorption)
  • Dark chocolate (70%+)
  • Dates, stevia, cinnamon
• Try recipes that use natural sweeteners and healthy fats.

6. Hydrate

• Thirst is often mistaken for hunger or sugar cravings.
• Try a glass of water, or water with lemon, before reaching for sweets.

7. Mindful Eating

• Ask: “Am I hungry, bored, tired, emotional, or just in a habit?”
• Slow down, chew well, and enjoy small amounts if you indulge — this prevents overdoing it.

🧠 Bonus: Retrain Your Brain

• The more sugar you eat, the more your brain craves it.
• But after just 7–10 days of reduced sugar intake, cravings often drop dramatically.

📝 In Summary:

Sugar cravings often arise from blood sugar swings, stress, poor nutrition, or emotional patterns. You can reduce them by balancing meals, managing stress, sleeping well, and making smart swaps.

Would you like a 7-day plan to reduce sugar cravings or a list of low-sugar sweet treat ideas?

Migraines during fasting can be brutal, but with smart preparation and adjustments, you can often prevent or reduce their intensity. Here’s what to do before, during, and after fasting to avoid that unbearable migraine pain:

🧠 Why Migraines Happen During Fasting

• Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia): Not eating for hours can drop glucose levels.
• Caffeine withdrawal
• Dehydration
• Sleep disruption
• Hormonal shifts (especially for women)
• Stress or irregular routines

✅ How to Avoid Migraines While Fasting

1. Prepare Your Body Before the Fast

• Gradually reduce caffeine: If you’re used to coffee or tea, don’t stop abruptly. Taper down 3–5 days before.
• Stabilize meals: Eat balanced meals with complex carbs, healthy fats, and protein before fasting begins.
• Avoid trigger foods: Like chocolate, aged cheese, processed meats, or anything you know sets off your migraines.

2. Focus on Hydration

• Drink plenty of water before the fast begins. Dehydration is a common migraine trigger.
• Consider electrolytes (like a pinch of salt, potassium, magnesium in water) if allowed — especially in long fasts or hot weather.

3. Eat a Slow-Digesting Meal Before Fasting

Choose foods that release energy slowly:

• Oats
• Whole grains
• Nuts and seeds
• Protein (eggs, yogurt, legumes)
• Healthy fats (avocado, olive oil)
  This keeps your blood sugar stable for longer.

4. Get Enough Sleep

• Sleep deprivation is a major trigger.
• Try to maintain regular sleep-wake cycles, even during fasting routines that involve night activity (like Ramadan).

5. Avoid Stress & Bright Light

• Practice relaxation: breathing exercises, light stretching, or prayer/meditation.
• Stay away from screen glare and loud environments if you’re prone to migraines.

6. Consider Preventive Medication (if your doctor agrees)

If migraines are predictable during fasting:

• Your doctor might prescribe preventive treatments (like beta-blockers or CGRP inhibitors).
• Or recommend taking mild painkillers (e.g., ibuprofen) right before the fast begins, if allowed.

7. Break the Fast Wisely

• Start with water, fruit, and easily digestible foods.
• Avoid sugar spikes, greasy meals, and caffeine overload when breaking a fast.

❗If a Migraine Hits During a Fast:

• Rest in a dark, quiet room
• Apply cold compress to your forehead
• Massage temples or neck
• If allowed, drink a little water or take approved medication (some religious fasts allow it for medical reasons — ask your faith leader or doctor).

🧭 Final Tips:

• Keep a migraine diary during fasting periods: track what triggers them and what prevents them.
• If migraines are severe and recurring, consult a neurologist — you may need a tailored plan.

Would you like a sample pre-fast meal plan or hydration routine to help with this?