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    Protecting children from the potential negative effects of social media requires a multi-faceted approach that involves open communication, setting boundaries, teaching digital literacy, and utilizing technological tools. Here's a comprehensive guide for parents: I. Foster Open Communication and TruRead more

    Protecting children from the potential negative effects of social media requires a multi-faceted approach that involves open communication, setting boundaries, teaching digital literacy, and utilizing technological tools. Here’s a comprehensive guide for parents:
    I. Foster Open Communication and Trust:
    * Talk Early and Often: Start conversations about social media, its benefits, and its risks before your child even gets an account. Make it an ongoing dialogue, not a one-time lecture.
    * Encourage Sharing: Create a safe space where your children feel comfortable sharing what they see, experience, and feel on social media, even if it’s upsetting or concerning.
    * Listen Without Judgment: When your child comes to you with a problem, listen actively and offer support. Avoid immediate judgment, which can shut down future communication.
    * Discuss Online vs. Offline Life: Help them understand that social media presents a curated version of reality and doesn’t always reflect real life.
    * Reinforce Consequences: Talk about the lasting digital footprint and how online actions can have real-world consequences (e.g., impact on future opportunities, relationships).
    II. Set Clear Boundaries and Expectations:
    * Establish Family Rules: Work together to create a family media plan or contract that outlines acceptable social media use, screen time limits, and consequences for breaking rules. Post these rules in a visible area.
    * Age Restrictions: Adhere to age restrictions for social media platforms. Delay social media use as long as possible.
    * Screen Time Limits: Set clear daily limits for social media use and enforce them consistently. Consider using built-in device settings or parental control apps.
    * Tech-Free Zones and Times: Designate specific times (e.g., mealtimes, an hour before bed) and areas (e.g., bedrooms) as tech-free.
    * Device Placement: Keep devices in common areas of the house where you can easily monitor usage.
    * Treat Media as a Privilege: Frame social media access as a privilege that needs to be earned, not a right.
    III. Teach Digital Literacy and Critical Thinking:
    * Privacy Settings: Go through privacy settings together on all social media platforms and ensure they are set to the highest level of privacy. Explain what each setting means.
    * “Friend” Strangers: Teach them the “If you don’t know them, don’t friend them” rule. Emphasize the dangers of interacting with strangers online.
    * Strong Passwords: Help them create strong, unique passwords for each account and explain why they should never share them.
    * Critical Evaluation of Content: Teach them how to critically evaluate what they see online. Discuss fake news, misleading information, and manipulated images.
    * Responsible Posting: Emphasize thinking before posting. Remind them that anything they post can be permanent and seen by a wide audience. Discuss what is and isn’t appropriate to share.
    * Cyberbullying Prevention:
    * Educate them about cyberbullying: Help them recognize what it looks like and how to respond.
    * Encourage them not to engage: Teach them not to respond to cyberbullies.
    * Block and report: Show them how to block bullies and report inappropriate content or behavior to the platform and to you.
    * Save evidence: Advise them to save screenshots or other evidence of cyberbullying.
    * Emphasize your support: Reassure them that you will help them if they experience or witness cyberbullying.
    IV. Utilize Parental Control Tools and Monitoring:
    * Parental Control Software/Apps: Explore and utilize parental control features provided by devices and platforms (e.g., Google Family Link, Apple Screen Time) or third-party apps like Bark, Qustodio, or Net Nanny. These can help with content filtering, time limits, and app blocking.
    * Monitor Usage (Appropriately): Depending on your child’s age and maturity, consider monitoring their social media usage. This could involve periodic checks of their profiles, Browse history, or using monitoring apps. Be transparent with older children if you choose to monitor.
    * “Friend” or “Follow” Your Child: On platforms where it’s appropriate, consider connecting with your child’s accounts. However, respect their online space and avoid commenting or posting on their profiles unless necessary for safety.
    V. Model Healthy Digital Behavior:
    * Be a Role Model: Children learn by observing. Demonstrate balanced and responsible social media use yourself. Limit your own screen time, put away your phone during family time, and avoid excessive scrolling.
    * Offer Alternatives: Provide engaging offline activities and hobbies to encourage a healthy balance between screen time and real-world interactions.
    By proactively engaging with your children and implementing these strategies, parents can significantly mitigate the negative effects of social media and help their children navigate the digital world safely and responsibly.

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    PTI founder Imran Khan did not offer Eid prayers in Adiala Jail primarily due to security concerns. According to jail officials and security sources, two separate Eid prayer congregations were held within the prison, but Imran Khan did not participate in either. He was reportedly resting in his cellRead more

    PTI founder Imran Khan did not offer Eid prayers in Adiala Jail primarily due to security concerns.
    According to jail officials and security sources, two separate Eid prayer congregations were held within the prison, but Imran Khan did not participate in either. He was reportedly resting in his cell during the designated prayer times and chose not to attend. This has been the case for recent Eid prayers as well, where he was unable to join due to similar security reasons.
    Authorities have heightened security around Adiala Jail, especially during religious holidays, often citing information about potential protests by political workers. This has led to strict measures that have prevented him from joining the general congregation with other inmates.

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    June in Pakistan is characterized by very hot temperatures and high humidity, marking the peak of summer and the onset of the monsoon season. Here's a general overview: * Temperatures: * Expect daytime maximum temperatures to average around 36°C (97°F) across the country. * However, in plains areasRead more

    June in Pakistan is characterized by very hot temperatures and high humidity, marking the peak of summer and the onset of the monsoon season.
    Here’s a general overview:
    * Temperatures:
    * Expect daytime maximum temperatures to average around 36°C (97°F) across the country.
    * However, in plains areas and southern regions like Multan, Peshawar, Lahore, and parts of Balochistan and Sindh, temperatures can be significantly higher, reaching 40-42°C (104-108°F), and even exceeding 49°C (120°F) in some extreme cases.
    * Nighttime minimum temperatures typically hover around 22-27°C (72-81°F).
    * There is an ongoing heat wave affecting the Indian subcontinent, including Pakistan, with temperatures 5-8°C above seasonal norms.
    * Sunshine:
    * Pakistan generally experiences a lot of sunshine in June, with an average of 10 hours of bright sunshine per day.
    * Rainfall:
    * June is the start of the southwest monsoon period in much of Pakistan, bringing some relief from the scorching heat.
    * On average, there are about 8 days with some rainfall in June, with an average monthly rainfall of around 78 mm (3 inches).
    * Monsoon rains can be quite heavy and may lead to flooding, especially if they interact with westerly waves in the upper parts of the country.
    * Heat and Humidity:
    * The heat and humidity levels are classified as “Very High”.
    * The UV index will be extreme (11+), requiring strong sun protection.
    * Regional Variations:
    * Northern areas (e.g., Chitral, Gilgit-Baltistan, Hunza) will be comparatively cooler, with temperatures in Hunza averaging around 5°C (42°F) with highs of 10°C (50°F) in June. However, even these areas may experience temperatures 5-7°C above normal in June 2025.
    * Southern regions (e.g., Sindh, southern Balochistan) will experience the most extreme heat.
    In summary, if you are in Pakistan during June 2025, be prepared for extremely hot and humid conditions, with the possibility of significant rainfall, especially later in the month as the monsoon progresses. Stay hydrated and take precautions against the high heat and UV index.

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    The resignation of British billionaire Zia Yusuf from the leadership of Reform UK is significant for several reasons: * A central figure in Reform UK's rise: Yusuf was appointed chairman of Reform UK in July 2024 and was seen as a key player in the party's increasing prominence, particularly since tRead more

    The resignation of British billionaire Zia Yusuf from the leadership of Reform UK is significant for several reasons:
    * A central figure in Reform UK’s rise: Yusuf was appointed chairman of Reform UK in July 2024 and was seen as a key player in the party’s increasing prominence, particularly since the general election. His departure comes at a time when Reform UK, led by Nigel Farage, has been experiencing a surge in support.
    * Symbolic for diversity: As a self-made multi-millionaire, British Muslim, and son of Sri Lankan immigrants, Yusuf’s presence as a figurehead helped to counter criticisms that Reform UK, or some of its supporters, might be perceived as racist. His resignation could impact the party’s efforts to broaden its appeal beyond its traditional base.
    * Organizational capabilities: Yusuf is credited with playing a crucial role in building the party’s infrastructure and professionalizing its operations. Reform UK is attempting to rapidly scale up to become a serious contender in general elections, and the loss of someone with his organizational skills could hinder these efforts. He was also involved in leading teams focused on cutting wasteful spending in councils controlled by Reform.
    * Funding and donor relations: While Reform UK isn’t solely reliant on Yusuf’s personal donations (he had given £200,000, but the party received £2.8 million in donations last year), he was responsible for wooing other wealthy donors. Reports suggest that his interpersonal skills might have created issues with potential funders, and his departure could lead to a re-evaluation of the party’s fundraising strategy.
    * Internal dynamics and potential disunity: Although Nigel Farage publicly expressed regret at Yusuf’s departure, there have been reports of internal friction. His resignation followed a public disagreement over a Reform UK MP’s question about banning the burka, which Yusuf publicly criticized as “dumb.” This highlights potential challenges in maintaining party unity and consistent messaging as Reform UK grows.
    * Reminder of staffing challenges: The departure emphasizes the need for Reform UK to find and retain staff who can help transform it from an insurgent movement into a long-term political force. Nigel Farage’s previous parties have faced similar challenges in building lasting organizational structures.
    In essence, Yusuf’s resignation removes a prominent and seemingly integral figure during a critical growth phase for Reform UK, raising questions about the party’s future trajectory, its ability to broaden its appeal, and its internal stability.

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    The 88-hour conflict between India and Pakistan in May 2025, often referred to as "Operation Sindoor" by India, was a brief but intense military confrontation that brought the two nuclear-armed rivals to the brink of a full-scale war. Here's a summary of what happened: Background: The conflict was tRead more

    The 88-hour conflict between India and Pakistan in May 2025, often referred to as “Operation Sindoor” by India, was a brief but intense military confrontation that brought the two nuclear-armed rivals to the brink of a full-scale war.
    Here’s a summary of what happened:
    Background: The conflict was triggered by a terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, on April 22, 2025, which killed 26 civilians. India accused Pakistan of supporting and aiding the attack, a claim Pakistan denied.
    Key Events of the 88-hour conflict (May 7-10, 2025):
    * May 7: India’s “Operation Sindoor” begins.
    * In the early hours, India launched missile and air strikes (Operation Sindoor) targeting what it described as nine “terrorist hubs” in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir, including Muridke and Bahawalpur. India stated that no Pakistani military or civilian facilities were targeted.
    * Pakistan, however, claimed the Indian strikes targeted civilian areas, including mosques, resulting in 31 Pakistani civilian deaths.
    * Immediately after the initial strikes, a major air battle ensued between Indian and Pakistani fighter jets, lasting over an hour. Both sides claimed downing adversary aircraft, and there were reports of aircraft losses on both sides due to air defense systems.
    * Pakistan responded with its own mortar attacks and a blitz on Poonch, Jammu, reportedly killing 16 civilians and destroying hundreds of homes.
    * There were also reports of armed skirmishes along the Line of Control (LoC) starting as early as April 24.
    * May 7-9: Drone Duels and Escalation.
    * Over the next two nights, Pakistan heavily utilized its drone fleet, reportedly targeting 36 locations on May 8 and 26 on May 9, from Leh to Sir Creek.
    * India’s integrated air and missile defense system reportedly largely defeated several waves of Pakistani drone attacks.
    * Fighting along the Line of Control in Kashmir intensified and resulted in significant casualties for both sides.
    * Concerns about nuclear escalation grew, particularly on May 8-9, leading to significant diplomatic engagement, primarily by the United States.
    * May 9-10: Crisis Climax.
    * In the early hours of May 10, both sides accused each other of launching missile attacks on airbases. India accused Pakistan of targeting Indian air bases, including Sirsa, while Pakistan accused India of attacking several Pakistani air bases, including Nur Khan, Rafiqi, and Murid.
    * India claimed its air force established supremacy by targeting airfields and other military targets across Pakistan with impunity.
    * Pakistan launched “Operation Bunyan al-Marsus,” targeting several Indian military bases.
    * May 10: Ceasefire.
    * After four days of intense fighting and under significant pressure from the United States, India and Pakistan agreed to a ceasefire.
    * Despite the agreement, explosions were reportedly heard in border towns hours later, with both sides accusing each other of violations.
    Aftermath and Analysis:
    * Both India and Pakistan declared victory, and there was considerable misinformation and disinformation surrounding the events.
    * The conflict marked a significant escalation, crossing previous thresholds in terms of geographic reach, systems employed (including modern Chinese weapons on Pakistan’s side), and impacts.
    * It highlighted the growing use of standoff weapons, drones, and advanced air defense systems in modern warfare.
    * The crisis underscored the fragility of peace between the two nuclear powers and the persistent risk of escalation.

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    While Pakistan's Defence Minister Khawaja Asif recently stated that the 1972 Simla Agreement has lost its "sanctity" and is a "dead document" due to India's "unilateral actions," Pakistan's Foreign Ministry has clarified that no formal decision has been taken to scrap any bilateral agreements with IRead more

    While Pakistan’s Defence Minister Khawaja Asif recently stated that the 1972 Simla Agreement has lost its “sanctity” and is a “dead document” due to India’s “unilateral actions,” Pakistan’s Foreign Ministry has clarified that no formal decision has been taken to scrap any bilateral agreements with India, including the Simla Agreement.
    Therefore, as of now, the Simla Agreement is still officially in effect. However, the comments from the Defense Minister highlight the ongoing tensions between the two countries and Pakistan’s perception that the agreement’s relevance has diminished due to recent events.
    The Simla Agreement, signed after the 1971 Indo-Pak war, aims to resolve disputes between India and Pakistan bilaterally and peacefully.

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    Starlink service has not yet fully started in Pakistan due to a combination of regulatory hurdles, technical requirements, and strategic considerations. Here's a breakdown of the key reasons: * Temporary vs. Permanent Registration/Licensing: While Starlink received temporary registration from the PaRead more

    Starlink service has not yet fully started in Pakistan due to a combination of regulatory hurdles, technical requirements, and strategic considerations. Here’s a breakdown of the key reasons:
    * Temporary vs. Permanent Registration/Licensing: While Starlink received temporary registration from the Pakistan Space Activities Regulatory Board (PSARB) in March 2025, the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) has decided not to issue a full operational license until Starlink completes all regulatory and technical requirements for permanent registration with PSARB. This distinction is a major point of delay.
    * Complex Regulatory Framework: Pakistan has introduced new regulations, including the National Satellite Policy (2023) and the Pakistan Space Activities Rules (2024), to govern satellite telecommunications. Starlink needs to comply with these comprehensive frameworks, which adds layers of complexity to the licensing process.
    * Security Clearances and Concerns: National security is a primary concern for Pakistan. Authorities are carefully reviewing Starlink’s operations to ensure it doesn’t compromise national security by creating loopholes for cyberattacks, espionage, or interference with critical infrastructure. There are also concerns about how satellite services could be used to bypass regulations on sensitive topics or in security-sensitive areas. Starlink needs to secure all necessary security clearances.
    * Technical Requirements and Interference: The PTA and other stakeholders like the Frequency Allocation Board (FAB) and SUPARCO have raised concerns about potential interference between Starlink’s Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and existing communication infrastructure, particularly Geostationary Satellite Orbit (GSO) systems. Starlink needs to ensure its operations do not disrupt existing networks and that its uplinks and downlinks are compatible.
    * Establishment of Ground Stations: For Starlink to operate effectively in Pakistan, it needs to set up ground stations within the country. This involves significant infrastructure installations and logistical challenges.
    * Integration with Existing Telecom Ecosystem: Ensuring seamless integration with Pakistan’s current telecom networks is another crucial aspect.
    * Pricing Concerns: While not a direct cause of the delay in regulatory approval, the high pricing of Starlink’s hardware and monthly subscription fees could be a challenge for widespread adoption among average Pakistani consumers, even once services are launched.
    * Potential Resistance from Local ISPs: Existing internet service providers in Pakistan may view Starlink’s entry as a threat to their market share, potentially leading to lobbying efforts or other forms of resistance that could indirectly impact the regulatory process.
    Despite these challenges, Starlink has been preparing its infrastructure, and Pakistani officials have indicated ongoing discussions to finalize the regulatory framework. While an official launch date is still pending, some reports have suggested a potential launch by November 2025 if all legal and regulatory conditions are met.

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    Donald Trump's policies on trade and welfare draw from a combination of his long-held personal beliefs, certain strands of Republican Party history, and conservative economic philosophies. Trade War (Protectionism): * Long-held personal conviction: Trump has advocated for tariffs and protectionist tRead more

    Donald Trump’s policies on trade and welfare draw from a combination of his long-held personal beliefs, certain strands of Republican Party history, and conservative economic philosophies.
    Trade War (Protectionism):
    * Long-held personal conviction: Trump has advocated for tariffs and protectionist trade policies since the 1980s. He has consistently expressed the view that other countries have taken advantage of the United States through unfavorable trade deals, leading to job losses and a decline in American manufacturing. His core belief is that trade deficits are inherently harmful.
    * “America First” ideology: His trade policies are a central component of his “America First” agenda, which prioritizes domestic industries, jobs, and economic security over global trade agreements.
    * Historical Republican roots: While the Republican Party largely embraced free trade after the Cold War, it had a strong protectionist tradition from the days of Abraham Lincoln through the early 20th century. Trump has cited figures like William McKinley as influences on his anti-free trade views, arguing that the GOP “betrayed its roots” by becoming pro-free trade.
    * Influence of advisors: During his campaigns, advisors like Peter Navarro, a strong proponent of tariffs, helped shape and articulate his trade policy.
    * Addressing perceived unfair practices: The trade war with China, for example, was framed as a response to what the Trump administration considered unfair trade practices, intellectual property theft, and forced technology transfers by China.
    Closing Welfare Institutions (Welfare Reform):
    * Emphasis on work requirements and self-sufficiency: Trump’s approach to welfare programs has been largely driven by a belief that able-bodied adults receiving benefits should be required to work, participate in job training, or volunteer. This is rooted in the idea of promoting “self-sufficiency” and reducing what he views as “welfare dependency.”
    * Fiscal conservatism: The desire to reduce federal spending and “protect taxpayer dollars” is also a significant driver behind proposals to tighten welfare eligibility and reduce program expenditures.
    * Legacy of 1990s welfare reform: While Trump’s administration sought to expand work requirements, the concept itself is not new. The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996, signed by President Bill Clinton, significantly reformed welfare and introduced stricter work requirements. Trump’s policies build upon and seek to further extend these types of reforms.
    * Criticism of “misplaced priorities”: The Trump administration has argued that welfare programs have deviated from their original purpose of assisting the “truly needy” and have instead expanded to include millions of able-bodied adults.
    It’s important to note that while these policies have clear philosophical underpinnings, their implementation and impact have been subjects of considerable debate and economic analysis.

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    The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) provides pensions to former Test cricketers based on the number of Tests they have played. As of updates in May 2022 and January 2023, the monthly pension amounts are: * PKR 142,000 for players who have played 10 or fewer Tests. * PKR 148,000 for players who have plaRead more

    The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) provides pensions to former Test cricketers based on the number of Tests they have played. As of updates in May 2022 and January 2023, the monthly pension amounts are:
    * PKR 142,000 for players who have played 10 or fewer Tests.
    * PKR 148,000 for players who have played between 11 and 20 Tests.
    * PKR 154,000 for players who have played 21 or more Tests.
    Imran Khan, having played 88 Test matches for Pakistan, falls into the highest category. Therefore, he receives a monthly pension of PKR 154,000.
    It’s important to note that the PCB also announced that these pension amounts would be increased annually in line with the inflation rate, and in the event of a player’s demise, the pension would be transferred to their widow. However, there have been reports of delays in implementing the annual inflation-based increase due to budget approvals.

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    The high failure rate in Pakistan's Civil Superior Services (CSS) exam is a persistent issue, with multiple contributing factors. Here's a breakdown of the main reasons: 1. Weak English Language and Writing Skills: * Poor Grammar and Composition: Many candidates struggle with basic English grammar,Read more

    The high failure rate in Pakistan’s Civil Superior Services (CSS) exam is a persistent issue, with multiple contributing factors. Here’s a breakdown of the main reasons:
    1. Weak English Language and Writing Skills:
    * Poor Grammar and Composition: Many candidates struggle with basic English grammar, sentence structure, and coherent expression, which are crucial for the English Essay and English (Precis and Composition) papers – often the subjects where most candidates fail.
    * Lack of Analytical and Critical Thinking: The exam demands more than rote memorization. Candidates often fail to analyze issues critically, develop strong arguments, and present their ideas with clarity and logical structure.
    * Insufficient Writing Practice: Many aspirants do not practice writing full-length answers or essays under timed conditions, leading to slow writing speed, poorly structured responses, and incomplete papers in the actual exam.
    * Reliance on Memorization over Understanding: Students often prioritize memorizing facts and information rather than developing a deep understanding of concepts and the ability to articulate their own reasoned perspectives.
    2. Inadequate Preparation and Study Habits:
    * Unstructured Preparation: Many students lack a proper strategic plan for their preparation, leading to disorganized study and inefficient use of time.
    * Outdated Resources: Reliance on brief summaries, guidebooks, or outdated class notes is common. These resources often lack the depth, critical perspective, and updated information required to excel.
    * Overloading New Topics: Attempting to cover excessive new material close to the exam instead of focusing on revision can disrupt retention and cause mental exhaustion.
    * Poor Subject Selection: Candidates sometimes choose optional subjects based on trends or perceived scoring potential, rather than their prior knowledge or interest, leading to poor performance.
    3. Systemic and Educational Challenges:
    * Outdated Examination System: Critics argue that the CSS exam system is outdated and doesn’t adequately assess modern skills needed for civil service, with a lack of dedicated cadres for crucial modern sectors like technology or finance.
    * Focus on Theoretical Evaluation: The exam heavily emphasizes theoretical knowledge through long essays and extensive syllabi, which may not fully reflect a candidate’s aptitude for practical administration.
    * Quality of Coaching Academies: While many candidates rely on coaching academies, some officials criticize these institutions for promoting rote learning and memorization of likely questions rather than encouraging critical thinking and originality.
    * Lack of Quality Teachers: The broader education system in Pakistan may not effectively prepare students with the necessary English language and analytical skills required for the CSS exam.
    * Societal Pressure and Expectations: The immense societal and familial pressure associated with the CSS exam can lead to increased anxiety, stress, and self-doubt among candidates, hindering their performance.
    * Low Passing Rate: The consistently low passing rate (often around 2-3%) itself creates a sense of discouragement and intensifies the pressure on aspirants.
    4. Other Factors:
    * Time Management Issues: Many candidates struggle with managing their time effectively during preparation and in the actual exam.
    * Lack of Originality: Over-reliance on pre-packaged answers or ideas from guidebooks can stifle originality and creative thought, which examiners often look for.
    * Test Anxiety: The fear of underperformance can lead to anxiety and loss of focus, impacting a candidate’s ability to perform effectively.
    In essence, a combination of individual preparation deficiencies, systemic educational shortcomings, and the demanding nature of the exam itself contributes to the high failure rate in Pakistan’s civil service examination.

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