Based on available data, the average weight for women in Saudi Arabia is around 63 kg (approximately 138.9 lbs).

It’s important to note a few things:

• Source Date: One of the more commonly cited figures (63 kg) comes from a study by Al-Malki et al. (2003). While this is a well-referenced study, it’s over two decades old.
• More Recent Data/Variations: More recent general compilations, like the Wikipedia page on human body weight by country (which cites a 2005 measured study for Saudi Arabia), show the average female weight at 71.7 kg (158.1 lb). This suggests a potential increase in average weight over time, possibly due to changes in lifestyle and diet.
• Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity: Studies consistently indicate a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi women, which would contribute to a higher average weight. For instance, one study found that 30% of women were overweight and 22% obese.
• Regional Differences: As with other countries, there can be regional variations within Saudi Arabia. One study indicated that in highland areas, the average weight for women was 61.9 kg, while in lowland areas it was 52.4 kg (though this data might be from a specific region and not nationally representative).

Given the trends and the more recent data available, it’s likely that the current average weight for women in Saudi Arabia is closer to the 70-72 kg (154-158 lbs) range than the older 63 kg figure, but precise, large-scale, very recent national surveys might provide more definitive numbers.

The average height of men in India is generally cited to be around 5 feet 5 inches (approximately 165-166 cm) to 5 feet 8 inches (approximately 173 cm).

Here’s a breakdown of what various sources indicate:

• Most common range: Many sources, including recent data for 2025, suggest the average height for adult Indian men is around 5 feet 8 inches (173 cm).
• Lower estimates: Some older surveys or broader national health studies (like NFHS-IV in 2015-16) reported averages closer to 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm).
• Regional Variations: It’s very important to note that India has significant regional, ethnic, and socioeconomic diversity, which heavily influences height.
  • Men from northern states like Punjab and Haryana tend to be taller, often averaging around 5 feet 9 inches (175 cm) or even more in some communities.
  • Other regions, particularly some southern and eastern areas, might have slightly lower averages.
  • Urban areas generally show slightly higher averages due to better nutrition and healthcare access.

Factors like genetics, nutrition (especially during childhood and adolescence), access to healthcare, and socioeconomic conditions all play a significant role in determining the average height within different populations in India. There’s also an observed trend of gradual increase in average height over the years due to improved living standards and nutrition

Becoming “very fit” is a comprehensive endeavor that involves a combination of consistent physical activity, proper nutrition, adequate rest, and a mindful approach to your overall well-being. Here’s a breakdown of how you can achieve a high level of fitness:

1. Define Your Goals: Before you start, clarify what “very fit” means to you. Do you want to:

• Run a marathon?
• Lift heavy weights?
• Improve your overall health and energy levels?
• Increase flexibility and balance?
• Achieve a specific body composition?

Having clear, specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals will help you tailor your plan and stay motivated.

2. Comprehensive Exercise Plan: A truly fit individual typically incorporates a variety of exercise types into their routine. Aim for a balanced approach that includes:

• Aerobic (Cardiovascular) Exercise: This strengthens your heart and lungs, improves stamina, and helps with fat loss.
  • Recommendation: At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity (e.g., brisk walking, cycling, swimming, dancing) or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity (e.g., running, swimming laps, jumping rope, high-intensity interval training – HIIT) per week. You can also do a combination.
  • How to incorporate: Spread your cardio throughout the week (e.g., 30 minutes of moderate activity 5 days a week, or 25 minutes of vigorous activity 3 days a week). HIIT, with short bursts of maximum effort followed by recovery periods, can be very effective for quick results.
• Strength Training: This builds muscle mass, increases metabolism, strengthens bones, and improves overall physical performance.
  • Recommendation: Work all major muscle groups at least two times a week, with at least 48 hours of rest between sessions for the same muscle group.
  • How to incorporate:
    • Weightlifting: Use free weights, resistance machines, or resistance bands.
    • Bodyweight exercises: Push-ups, pull-ups, squats, lunges, planks are highly effective and can be done anywhere.
    • Aim for 8-15 repetitions per set, using a weight or resistance level that tires your muscles by the last few reps. As you get stronger, progressively increase the weight or reps (progressive overload).
• Flexibility and Balance: These improve range of motion, reduce risk of injury, and enhance overall functional fitness.
  • Recommendation: Incorporate stretching and balance exercises a few times a week.
  • How to incorporate: Yoga, Pilates, Tai Chi, static stretching (holding stretches for 15-30 seconds after a workout), and dynamic stretching (movements that take your joints through their full range of motion before a workout).

3. Nutrition is Key: You cannot out-exercise a poor diet. Fueling your body properly is crucial for energy, recovery, and achieving your fitness goals.

• Balanced Diet: Focus on whole, unprocessed foods.
  • Lean Protein: Essential for muscle repair and growth (chicken, fish, eggs, legumes, tofu).
  • Complex Carbohydrates: Provide sustained energy for workouts (whole grains, fruits, vegetables).
  • Healthy Fats: Important for hormone production and overall health (avocado, nuts, seeds, olive oil).
  • Plenty of Fruits and Vegetables: Provide vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of water throughout the day, especially before, during, and after workouts.
• Portion Control: Pay attention to serving sizes to manage your calorie intake, especially if weight loss is a goal.
• Limit Processed Foods, Sugary Drinks, and Excessive Unhealthy Fats: These offer little nutritional value and can hinder your progress.

4. Rest and Recovery: Muscles grow and repair during rest, not just during workouts.

• Adequate Sleep: Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night to allow your body to recover and perform at its best.
• Rest Days: Incorporate at least 1-2 rest days into your weekly schedule. Active recovery (light activity like walking or gentle stretching) can also be beneficial on rest days.
• Listen to Your Body: Don’t push through pain. If you feel excessively sore or fatigued, take an extra rest day or reduce your intensity. Overtraining can lead to injuries and burnout.

5. Consistency and Progression: Fitness is a journey, not a destination.

• Start Slow and Gradually Increase: If you’re new to exercise, begin with manageable workouts and slowly increase the duration, intensity, or frequency as your fitness improves.
• Make it a Habit: Schedule your workouts like important appointments. Consistency is the most important factor for long-term success.
• Variety: Mix up your routine to prevent boredom and challenge different muscle groups. Cross-training can also reduce the risk of overuse injuries.
• Track Your Progress: Keep a workout journal, use a fitness app, or simply note down your workouts, weights, reps, and how you feel. This helps you see your improvements and stay motivated.
• Set Realistic Goals: Celebrate small victories along the way.

6. Mindset and Motivation:

• Find Activities You Enjoy: If you dread your workouts, you’re less likely to stick with them. Experiment to find activities that you genuinely enjoy.
• Find a Workout Partner or Join a Class: Accountability and social support can significantly boost motivation.
• Seek Professional Guidance: If you’re unsure where to start or want to accelerate your progress, consider consulting a certified personal trainer or a registered dietitian. They can create a personalized plan for you.
• Be Patient and Persistent: Becoming “very fit” takes time and effort. There will be good days and bad days. Stay committed and focus on your long-term health and well-being.

By implementing these strategies consistently and making them a sustainable part of your lifestyle, you can achieve remarkable levels of fitness and improve your overall health.

This is a fascinating question that touches on cosmology, physics, and even philosophy!

From a scientific perspective, based on our current understanding of the universe’s origins (the Big Bang theory), the answer is generally no, not in the way we typically perceive light.

Here’s why:

• Light Requires Space and Time (and Matter): Light, as electromagnetic radiation, propagates through space and time. It’s produced by the movement of charged particles (like electrons changing energy levels in atoms).
• The Big Bang and the Planck Epoch: The Big Bang theory describes the universe originating from an extremely hot, dense, and tiny state. In the very earliest moments, known as the Planck Epoch (up to 10−43 seconds after the Big Bang), all four fundamental forces (gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force) were unified, and our current laws of physics break down. We don’t have a definitive theory to describe what existed before or during this precise moment.
• The Universe was Opaque: Even after the Planck Epoch, for the first approximately 380,000 years, the universe was incredibly hot and dense. It was filled with a plasma of ionized particles (protons, electrons, and photons). Photons (light particles) were constantly scattering off these charged particles, meaning they couldn’t travel freely. This period is often described as being opaque, like a very dense fog. There were photons, but they couldn’t propagate to create what we would recognize as “light” or images.
• The Era of Recombination/Decoupling: Around 380,000 years after the Big Bang, the universe had expanded and cooled enough for electrons to combine with atomic nuclei to form neutral atoms. At this point, the universe became transparent. The photons were no longer constantly scattered and could travel freely. This event released the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation, which is essentially the “afterglow” of the Big Bang – the oldest light we can detect.

So, what about “before” the universe?

This is where it gets highly speculative and moves beyond established science. If “before the universe” means before space and time as we know them came into existence, then the concept of light (which requires space and time to propagate) doesn’t really apply.

• No “Outside”: The universe, in a cosmological sense, is everything that exists – including space-time itself. There isn’t an “outside” for light to be “in” before the universe.
• Pre-Big Bang Theories: Some theoretical models, like string theory, loop quantum gravity, or various multiverse scenarios, propose ideas about what might have existed “before” or “beyond” our specific Big Bang. However, these are highly theoretical and don’t typically involve “light” in a conventional sense as a pre-existing entity.

In summary:

From a scientific perspective, the concept of light as we know it emerged with the universe, or shortly after its very earliest, opaque phase. There was no “light” in a pre-existing void before the universe came into existence, because the conditions for light to exist and propagate (space, time, and the right physical interactions) were not yet in place.