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Ali1234Researcher
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  1. Ali1234 Researcher

    Here’s a summary: 🧠 Who are they called — and what does hibakusha mean? The survivors of the 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings are known by the Japanese term “hibakusha” (被爆者), literally meaning “explosion-affected persons” (The Times, Wikipedia). Officially recognized by Japan’s Atomic BoRead more

    Here’s a summary:

    🧠 Who are they called — and what does hibakusha mean?

    The survivors of the 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings are known by the Japanese term “hibakusha” (被爆者), literally meaning “explosion-affected persons” (The Times, Wikipedia).
    Officially recognized by Japan’s Atomic Bomb Survivors Relief Law, hibakusha include those who were within a few kilometers of the blast, exposed via fallout, or carried in utero at the time (Wikipedia).

    How many are still alive today (August 6, 2025)?

    • As of March 31, 2025, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare reported 99,130 living hibakusha in Japan (Nippon).
    • This marked the first time the total fell below 100,000, with the average age now 86.13 years (Nippon).
    • Other sources cite slightly higher figures (e.g. ~106,000 in March 2024 or ~100,000 survivors) but the most current and official number is 99,130 as of March 2025 (Nippon).
    • Every year 6,000 to 10,000 hibakusha pass away, so their numbers are rapidly declining (Arms Control Association).

    Summary

    Topic Details
    What they’re called Hibakusha (atomic bomb survivors)
    Still alive ~99,130 as of March 31, 2025
    Average age ~86 years old
    Annual deaths ~6,000–10,000 hibakusha annually

    Why it matters

    • With only ~99,000 survivors left—all elderly—it is increasingly urgent to record their firsthand testimonies while possible.
    • Survivors have long been central to global anti-nuclear advocacy, primarily through Nihon Hidankyo, the Japan Confederation of A‑ and H‑Bomb Sufferers Organizations, which won the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize for its decades‑long peace activism and survivor testimony (El País, Wikipedia, Arms Control Association, Nippon).
    • Some extremely rare individuals are double hibakusha, exposed to both bombs—only two confirmed living survivors remain, such as Ayano Hirashima, who survived both Hiroshima and Nagasaki (The Times).

    In short: about 99,130 hibakusha are still alive in Japan as of March 2025, most aged in their mid‑ to late 80s. Their continued testimonies are vital to preserving memory and advocating against future nuclea

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WasimThinker
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  1. Warda

    Censorship: Definition: Censorship involves the suppression or restriction of information, ideas, or artistic expression by authorities. Controlled Access: It limits what the public or specific individuals can access or express, often for political, moral, or social reasons. Restrictions: CensorshipRead more

    1. Censorship:
      • Definition: Censorship involves the suppression or restriction of information, ideas, or artistic expression by authorities.
      • Controlled Access: It limits what the public or specific individuals can access or express, often for political, moral, or social reasons.
      • Restrictions: Censorship can occur in various forms, including media content, books, art, or online platforms.
    2. Freedom of Expression:
      • Definition: Freedom of expression is a fundamental right allowing individuals to articulate their opinions, thoughts, or creative expressions without government interference.
      • Protected Right: It is a cornerstone of democratic societies, protecting the diversity of ideas and fostering open discourse.
      • Legal Basis: Often enshrined in constitutional or legal frameworks, ensuring individuals can speak, write, or create freely.

    Key Distinction:

    • Censorship involves limiting or controlling expression, restricting what can be communicated.
    • Freedom of expression, on the other hand, emphasizes the right of individuals to communicate without undue constraints, promoting openness and diversity of ideas.
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Ali1234Researcher
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  1. Ali1234 Researcher

    Here are eight things that can cause gas in the stomach to escape (often as burping or belching): Swallowing air (aerophagia) – Happens when eating or drinking too quickly, chewing gum, or talking while eating. Carbonated drinks – Soda, beer, and sparkling water release carbon dioxide gas in the stoRead more

    Here are eight things that can cause gas in the stomach to escape (often as burping or belching):

    1. Swallowing air (aerophagia) – Happens when eating or drinking too quickly, chewing gum, or talking while eating.
    2. Carbonated drinks – Soda, beer, and sparkling water release carbon dioxide gas in the stomach.
    3. Overeating – A full stomach can push gas upward and cause burping.
    4. Acid reflux (GERD) – Stomach acid backing up into the esophagus can be accompanied by gas release.
    5. Pressure changes – For example, during air travel or altitude changes, the gas in your stomach can expand and escape.
    6. Certain medications – Some drugs, especially those affecting the digestive system, can increase gas production or reduce digestion efficiency.
    7. Digestive disorders – Conditions like gastritis, peptic ulcers, or delayed stomach emptying can trap gas and later release it.
    8. Relief after eating antacids – Antacids can release carbon dioxide in the stomach as they neutralize acid, which can cause burping.

    Let me know if you’re looking for causes related to flatulence instead — that’s more connected to intestinal gas.

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Afza
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  1. Anjali

    Nutrient-Packed Breakfast Choices: Oatmeal with Berries and Nuts: Benefits: Rich in fiber, antioxidants, and healthy fats. Note: Start your day with a bowl of hearty oatmeal topped with fresh berries and nuts for a nutritious and satisfying breakfast. Greek Yogurt Parfait: Benefits: High in protein,Read more

    Nutrient-Packed Breakfast Choices:

    1. Oatmeal with Berries and Nuts:
      • Benefits: Rich in fiber, antioxidants, and healthy fats.
      • Note: Start your day with a bowl of hearty oatmeal topped with fresh berries and nuts for a nutritious and satisfying breakfast.
    2. Greek Yogurt Parfait:
      • Benefits: High in protein, probiotics, and vitamins.
      • Note: Layer Greek yogurt with granola and fruits to create a tasty parfait that supports gut health and provides lasting energy.
    3. Avocado Toast with Eggs:
      • Benefits: Supplies healthy fats, protein, and essential nutrients.
      • Note: Spread avocado on whole-grain toast and top with poached or fried eggs for a delicious and nutritious breakfast.
    4. Smoothie Bowl:
      • Benefits: Packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
      • Note: Blend your favorite fruits, greens, and a liquid base like almond milk, then top with seeds and nuts for a vibrant and nutritious breakfast.
    5. Chia Seed Pudding:
      • Benefits: High in omega-3 fatty acids, fiber, and antioxidants.
      • Note: Combine chia seeds with milk or a dairy-free alternative, let it sit overnight, and top with fruits for a delightful and nutritious pudding.

    Pro Tip:

    • Choose whole, unprocessed foods to kickstart your day with a nutrient-rich breakfast, promoting overall well-being and sustained energy.
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Valentina
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  1. Nawaz

    Key Literary Techniques: Symbolism: Use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities, adding depth and layers of meaning to the text. Foreshadowing: Hinting at future events in the narrative, creating anticipation and suspense. Irony: A contrast between expectation and reality, often for humorous or dRead more

    Key Literary Techniques:

    1. Symbolism:

      Use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities, adding depth and layers of meaning to the text.

    2. Foreshadowing:

      Hinting at future events in the narrative, creating anticipation and suspense.

    3. Irony:

      A contrast between expectation and reality, often for humorous or dramatic effect.

    4. Metaphor:

      Figure of speech where a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable, enhancing description.

    5. Simile:

      Comparison using “like” or “as” to highlight similarities between two different things.

    6. Alliteration:

      Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words in close proximity, creating rhythm and emphasis.

    7. Flashback:

      Interruption of the chronological sequence to provide background information or context.

    8. Imagery:

      Use of vivid and descriptive language to evoke sensory experiences for the reader.

    9. Personification:

      Attributing human characteristics to non-human entities, enhancing the reader’s connection to the text.

    10. Allusion:

      Reference to another work of literature, person, or event, enriching the text with additional meaning.

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Wahab SaeedResearcher
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  1. Wahab Saeed Researcher

    Linking TikTok to Instagram is a breeze. Just follow these simple steps: Open TikTok and tap on "Profile." Click on the three dots in the top right corner for Settings. Choose "Privacy and Settings" and go to "Manage Account." Select "Add Instagram" and log in to your Instagram account. Confirm theRead more

    Linking TikTok to Instagram is a breeze. Just follow these simple steps:

    1. Open TikTok and tap on “Profile.”
    2. Click on the three dots in the top right corner for Settings.
    3. Choose “Privacy and Settings” and go to “Manage Account.”
    4. Select “Add Instagram” and log in to your Instagram account.
    5. Confirm the link, and you’re all set!

    Now, your TikTok content can effortlessly find its way to your Instagram world. Easy as pie!

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Lyla
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  1. Nawaz

    Understanding World Country Classifications: First-World Country: Definition: Generally refers to developed, industrialized nations with advanced economies, high living standards, and strong infrastructure. Second-World Country: Definition: Historically used during the Cold War to denote socialist,Read more

    Understanding World Country Classifications:

    1. First-World Country:
      • Definition: Generally refers to developed, industrialized nations with advanced economies, high living standards, and strong infrastructure.
    2. Second-World Country:
      • Definition: Historically used during the Cold War to denote socialist, communist, or state-planned economies. The term is now less common.
    3. Third-World Country:
      • Definition: Originally referred to nations unaligned during the Cold War. Today, it commonly denotes developing or less economically developed countries. The term is considered outdated, and “developing” is preferred.
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Ali1234Researcher
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  1. Ali1234 Researcher

    Before the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Russia was a global energy powerhouse, supplying a significant portion of the world's oil, natural gas, and coal. Its role as an energy exporter gave it considerable leverage, particularly over Europe. Here's a breakdown of global dependencRead more

    Before the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Russia was a global energy powerhouse, supplying a significant portion of the world’s oil, natural gas, and coal. Its role as an energy exporter gave it considerable leverage, particularly over Europe.

    Here’s a breakdown of global dependence on Russian oil and gas, and how it has changed:

    Oil Dependence:

    • Before the War: Russia was the world’s second-largest exporter of crude oil after Saudi Arabia. Europe was its primary customer. In 2021, the EU imported about 4.5 million barrels per day (bpd) of oil from Russia, accounting for roughly 34% of its total oil imports. Some individual European countries had even higher dependencies.
    • Post-Invasion & Sanctions (Current as of July 2025): Western sanctions, including the G7 price cap on Russian oil, have dramatically reshaped global oil flows.
      • Europe: The EU has significantly reduced its direct imports of Russian oil. By the end of 2022, official EU imports of Russian oil had fallen by about 90%. However, some Russian oil still reaches Europe via “third countries” after being refined (a “refining loophole”) or through illicit imports. Hungary, for example, remains a significant importer of Russian fossil fuels in the EU.
      • Asia (New Major Buyers): Russia has successfully redirected much of its oil exports to Asian markets, selling at discounted prices.
        • China: Has become Russia’s largest buyer of crude oil, purchasing around 47% of Russia’s crude exports as of June 2025.
        • India: Has emerged as the second-largest purchaser, buying approximately 38% of Russia’s crude exports. Its imports from Russia have skyrocketed since the invasion, now making up over 35% of India’s total oil imports.
        • Turkey: Also increased its imports of Russian oil.
      • Other Regions: Brazil has also increased its imports of Russian oil products. Some Gulf states like Saudi Arabia and the UAE have also increased imports of cheaper Russian fuel oil for domestic power generation or re-export as bunker fuel, freeing up their own crude for more lucrative markets.

    Natural Gas Dependence:

    • Before the War: Europe was overwhelmingly dependent on Russian natural gas, primarily delivered via an extensive network of pipelines. Russia supplied roughly 40% of all imported gas to the EU in 2021, reaching about 142 billion cubic meters (bcm). For some individual countries like Germany, Austria, and Latvia, the reliance was much higher, in some cases exceeding 50% or even 80%.
    • Post-Invasion & Sanctions (Current as of July 2025): This is where the most dramatic shift has occurred, particularly for Europe. Russia significantly cut gas flows to Europe, and the Nord Stream pipelines were sabotaged.
      • Europe: Europe has drastically reduced its direct pipeline gas imports from Russia. The volume fell from 142 bcm in the year before the invasion to just 31 bcm in 2024, and potentially as low as 16-18 bcm in 2025. The transit contract via Ukraine also expired at the end of 2024 and was not renewed, further limiting pipeline routes. The only remaining major pipeline bringing Russian gas to the EU is TurkStream, which primarily supplies countries in Southeast Europe.
      • Replacement Strategies: Europe has rapidly diversified its gas sources by:
        • Increasing imports of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), primarily from the US, Qatar, and other producers.
        • Boosting pipeline gas imports from Norway, Azerbaijan, and Algeria.
        • Implementing significant energy conservation measures and accelerating the deployment of renewable energy.
      • Remaining Dependent EU States: While overall EU dependence is down, a few countries, notably Hungary and Slovakia, still maintain significant reliance on Russian gas due to historical infrastructure and specific agreements.
      • China: Russia is actively pursuing new pipeline projects (e.g., Power of Siberia 2) to increase gas exports to China, aiming to offset lost European demand.

    Overall Impact:

    • The Ukraine conflict has forced a major recalibration of global energy markets.
    • Europe has significantly reduced its reliance on Russian fossil fuels, particularly gas, at a considerable economic cost and through massive efforts in diversification and renewables.
    • Asian countries, especially China and India, have stepped in to become the primary buyers of discounted Russian oil, allowing Russia to largely maintain its export volumes despite Western sanctions.
    • The global energy map is becoming more multipolar, with new trade routes and supplier-buyer relationships emerging.
    • However, for many countries, fully divorcing from Russian energy remains a complex and ongoing challenge, highlighting the deep interdependencies that existed before the conflict.
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